Paul Graham Is Not That Innocent

Let me state the obvious first. I am a huge admirer of what Paul Graham has built in Y Combinator. And I have drawn enormous inspiration from many of his essays on tech startups. And it was an honor to once get featured in the same BBC article as Paul Graham and Brad Feld. (Paul Graham, Brad Feld, Me, BBC)

And now let me get to the topic at hand. Yes, Paul Graham was misquoted. But that does not change the fact that Paul Graham is guilty of sexism just like I am. I would not accuse him of extreme sexism. I might save that for a ton of men in India. But guilty he is. Why do I say that?

You were there when girls around you were 13. If you did not see sexism then, then you were willfully blind. You very well participated in it. Sexism starts early. Young girls feeding on sexist media do weird things with what they eat. That is sexism.

I don't think there is something fundamental about men and women that makes men head for STEM. Once girls get hit by the pot of sexism early on, they kind of lose their balance, and they end up making weird choices like not going towards STEM with greater gusto than they do.

Paul Graham wondering as to why 13 year old girls don't code more is not exactly like Newton wondering why the apple fell on his head. But sexism IS social gravity. It is all pervasive and all powerful, and all men participate in it, it is only a matter of degree, some more, some less, but we all do.

Sexism is really cutting edge, as is racism. It is as if not more cutting edge than the Internet itself, only the Internet is technology and communications and commerce, sexism and racism are social. It is like I am at this Internet Society event, Vint Cerf and Tim Berners-Lee on stage. And I was and am a huge admirer of the guys. I literally think of the Internet as a new country, a feeling further enforced by a recent Indian Supreme Court decision that is blatantly homophobic. (Homophobia is sick, okay?) And I ask my question of Tim. If the Internet is a country which of you is George Washington, which is Thomas Jefferson? Tim gets offended and says "different race" in an unpleasant way. And I am like, I don't believe this motherfucker. And I made a "mad scientist" remark. (Tim Berners-Lee: The Internet Is Not A Country)

Paul Graham said recently something about "heavy accents," and there he was not misquoted, and I thought that was a racist thing to be saying.

Fred Wilson: Girls Who Code
Paul Graham: What I Did Not Say
Taylor Rose: Girls Haven’t Been Hacking for the Last 10 Years

Related articles

• Paul Graham & Sexism: Just One More Distraction From Real Work
• The Dating Ring | Paul Graham isn't keeping women out of tech - from Y Combinator's newest all female company
• Paul Graham Revives the Sexism in Tech Talk
• Paul Graham Says Women "Haven't Been Hacking For the Past 10 Years"
• Why Paul Graham's Problem Isn't Sexism or Xenophobia
• On Paul Graham and Duck Dynasty
• Paul Graham Has No Idea How to Get Girls Into in Tech, But Plenty of Other People Do
• Paul Graham Responds To Critics, Says Y Combinator Is Planning An Event For Female Founders

Paul Graham Is Not That Innocent http://t.co/fQ4lbDe3UM @paulg @fredwilson @rosetaylorm @bfeld @timberners_lee @vgcerf

— Paramendra Bhagat (@paramendra) December 31, 2013

Good Government, Bad Government

Cerf and Bob E. Kahn being awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President George W. Bush (Photo credit: Wikipedia)

So, who really did invent the Internet?

the Internet had its roots in the ARPANet, a government project .... the government-funded ARPANet was very much the precursor of the Internet as we know it today. .... Bob Taylor was the single most important figure in the history of the Internet, and he holds that stature because of his government role. ..... TCP/IP, the fundamental communications protocol of the Internet, was invented by Vinton Cerf (though he fails to mention Cerf's partner, Robert Kahn). He points out that Tim Berners-Lee "gets credit for hyperlinks." ..... Cerf and Kahn did develop TCP/IP--on a government contract! And Berners-Lee doesn't get credit for hyperlinks--that belongs to Doug Engelbart of Stanford Research Institute, who showed them off in a legendary 1968 demo you can see here. Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web--and he did so at CERN, a European government consortium. ...... Private enterprise had no interest in something so visionary and complex, with questionable commercial opportunities. Indeed, the private corporation that then owned monopoly control over America's communications network, AT&T, fought tooth and nail against the ARPANet. Luckily for us, a far-sighted government agency prevailed. ...... It's true that the Internet took off after it was privatized in 1995. But to be privatized, first you have to be government-owned. It's another testament to people often demeaned as "government bureaucrats" that they saw that the moment had come to set their child free.

I have long believed in private and public sector collaborations.

Related articles

• Who funded the Internet? I care that you don't know what it is!

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• Hot new conservative lie: The private sector invented the Internet

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• The Government Did (and Didn't) Invent the Internet

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• Yes, Government Researchers Really Did Invent the Internet

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• WSJ mangles history to argue government didn't launch the Internet

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• US realises the Pentagon did not invent the net

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• Adventures in Conservative Denialism, Part 73

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• Revenge of the Internet

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• Vint Cerf sounds off on who really created the Internet

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• Sorry Barack, But The Government Didn't Invent The Internet... And Neither Did Al Gore

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Give Me Blazing Broadband, Or Give Me, Give Me

Sergey Brin's Is The Right Stand

I once said there is a direct correlation between Sergey's parents having to flee Russia and Sergey's principled stand on China. Some of us are free speech bigots. I am one. Now I am extending that metaphor. Only now it's not about China, it is about America. And it is still about free speech.

A lot of people I admire in the tech industry wrongly frame the debate in that they suggest if only people on Capitol Hill knew, if only lobbyists did not have this much unfair power. I think more than that is at stake. The Internet turns the entire world into one country, and the nation state as we know it feels threatened. The Internet sends a clear message that Capitol Hill is not the center of the universe. The universe has no center. And that suggestion riles Galileo's enemies.

The Internet is a country. It is the new country. It is the newest country. I said this back in 1999 when I was with my first serious startup while at college. America is Europe. The Internet is America now.

Tim Berners-Lee: The Internet Is Not A Country

Although I'd not put China, Saudi Arabia and Iran in the same category as Facebook and Apple. Facebook's "walled garden" exists because people choose to keep many things private on there. Although I would argue services like Google should have ready access to stuff people publicly share on there, as well on Twitter. API level success, don't need nobody's permission kind of access. Immediate access. Apple's iPhone apps go away when HTML5 and wireless broadband become mainstream just like desktop apps have given way to the cloud. Although one can argue there has got to be a better way to search though the hundreds of thousands of smartphone apps.

The Guardian: Web freedom faces greatest threat ever, warns Google's Sergey Brin

the threat to the freedom of the internet came from a combination of governments increasingly trying to control access and communication by their citizens, the entertainment industry attempting to crack down on piracy, and the rise of "restrictive" so-called walled gardens such as Facebook and Apple, which tightly controlled what software could be released on their platforms. ..... he was most concerned by the efforts of countries such as China, Saudi Arabia and Iran to censor and restrict use of the internet ...... the intensifying battle for control of the internet that is being fought across the globe between governments, companies, military strategists, activists and hackers ....... From Hollywood's attempts to push through legislation allowing pirate websites to be shut down, to the British government's plans to monitor social media and web use, the ethos of openness championed by the pioneers of the internet and worldwide web is being challenged on a number of fronts. ....... In China, which now has more internet users than any other country in the world, the government recently introduced new "real identity" rules in a bid to tame the boisterous micro-blogging scene. In Russia there are powerful calls to rein in a blogosphere that was blamed for fomenting a wave of anti-Putin protests. It has been reported that Iran is planning to introduce a sealed "national internet" from this summer. ........ Ricken Patel, co-founder of Avaaz, the 14 million-strong online activist network which has been providing communication equipment and training to Syrian activists, echoed Brin's warning, saying: "We've seen a massive attack on the freedom of the web. Governments are realising the power of this medium to organise people and they are trying to clamp down across the world, not just in places like China and North Korea; we're seeing bills in the United States, in Italy, all across the world." ...... Brin said he was not surprised by the effectiveness with which China had so far managed to create a technological barrier against the outside world. "I'm more surprised by the acceptance," he said. "I had imagined people would be more rebellious." ........ it would be hugely difficult for any government to defend its online "territory". ........ He reserved his harshest words for the entertainment industry, which he said was "shooting itself in the foot, or maybe worse than in the foot" by lobbying for legislation to block sites offering pirate material. ...... the Sopa and Pipa bills championed by Hollywood and the music industry would have led to the US using the same technology and approach it criticised China and Iran for using. ...... "I haven't tried it for many years but when you go on a pirate website, you choose what you like, it downloads to the device of your choice and it will just work – and then when you have to jump through all these hoops [to buy legitimate content], the walls created are disincentives for people to buy"

CNet: Google's Sergey Brin: Facebook and Apple a threat to Internet freedom

Al Zazeera: The UK government's war on internet freedom

Despite declaring early on in his term that internet freedom should be respected "in Tahrir Square as much as Trafalgar Square", his government is now considering a series of laws that would dramatically restrict online privacy and freedom of speech. ...... would allow the government to monitor every email, text message and phone call flowing throughout the country. Internet service providers (ISPs) would be forced to install hardware that would give law enforcement real time, on-demand access to every internet user's IP address, email address books, when and to whom emails are sent and how frequently - as well as the same type of data for phone calls and text messages. ....... Because many popular services - like Google and Facebook - encrypt the transmission of user data, the government also would force social media sites and other online service providers to comply with any data request. ....... "In a terrorism investigation, the police will already have access to all the data they could want. This is about other investigations." The information gathered in this new programme would be available to local law enforcement for use in any investigation and would be available without any judicial oversight. ....... "A cross-party committee of MPs and peers has urged the government to consider introducing legislation that would force Google to censor its search results to block material that a court has found to be in breach of someone's privacy." ...... a Scottish oil company obtained a super-injunction against Greenpeace to keep photographs of the environmental group's protest off social media sites. Within hours, unaffiliated users posted hundreds of the pictures, effectively nullifying the order. If the recommendation by the MPs were followed, Google, Facebook and Twitter would have to proactively monitor and remove such results from their webpages. ........ Despite the enormous backlash over the Stop Online Piracy Act (SOPA) in the US, the UK government is reportedly trying to broker a backroom deal between ISPs and content companies in which search engines would start "voluntarily" censoring sites accused of copyright infringement. The deal would force search engines to blacklist entire websites from search results merely upon an allegation of infringement, and artificially promote "approved" websites. ....... recently, one man was forced to pay 90,000 pounds (plus costs) because of two tweets that were seen by an estimated 65 people in England and Wales. ...... Britain is home to many of the companies exporting high tech surveillance equipment to authoritarian countries in the Middle East, where it is used to track journalists and democratic activists. The technology, which can be used to monitor a country's emails and phone calls, is similar to what the UK government will have to install to implement its own mass surveillance programme.

Fred Wilson: Life Liberty and Blazing Broadband

Sean Parker's AirTime Could Net Him Tens Of Billions

Sean Parker is a billionaire already at a net worth of over two billion. The guy is 31.



Napster, Facebook, Plaxo, Causes, Spotify, AirTime. Before today I did not even realize Causes was his thing. You live and you learn. Plaxo was annoying, don't you think? And yet that is the company he is most proud of.

I learned of AirTime very recently. But you only have to do a search on the term Chatroulette at this blog to get a feel for my passion for the topic. Just like the Google guys gave jobs to people like Vint Cerf and Tim Berners-Lee, Sean Parker should rope in the Russian dude, give him a small cut, not legally required, but might be beneficial.

Chatroulette Is For Real
ChatVille Is Live Now: "What ChatRoulette Should Have Been"
Chatfe Happy Hour With Paul Orlando
Penises For Sale: The Russian Mafia Is On It
Chatfe: Audio, Interest Based Random Connections On Skype?
Paul Orlando In The New York Times

The social graph that Facebook has mapped is not really all that cutting edge. I mean, I already knew these people. I did not need help knowing them. But I do need help, a lot of help, getting to know people I don't know, I might never meet. AirTime could help map that uncharted social graph, and that is big.

The Color Social Graph Might Work Better For Books, Movies, Music
Finally Facebook Lets Me Reach Out To Non Friends

In many ways I am looking at AirTime as Sean Parker's first startup. This is the one he gets to do his way. This is the one he gets to own a big chunk of.

I really like this guy. He is always thinking big. He paints in broad strokes. His visions tend to be sweeping, panoramic. Not for him is incremental innovation. He is always wanting to do the next big thing. And now through AirTime he is trying to tackle the most virgin aspect of the web. The landscape of what he is trying to navigate is so shapeless right now.

Maybe the guy should rope me in in some kind of an advisory role. I could not think of a better preparation as I gear to launch my own microfinance startup. I think I am in a position to contribute.

Sean Parker's 2009 Email To Spotify
Sean Parker: Mystery Man
Sean Parker, F8, HTML5, Android
Sean Parker: Video: Facebook, MySpace
The Sean Parker Analogy
Sean Parker, Billionaire, Was Really Poor Once
The Day I Got Called Sean Parker
Paul Graham: Wrong About NYC
White Male Conspiracy To Drive Me Homeless

Seven Screens

Movie screen. TV screen. Desktop screen. Laptop screen. Tablet screen. Smartphone screen. Wristwatch screen.

Post PC Or PC Plus

Screen size is the primary way to classify, really. Each screen could come with a keyboard. A virtual keyboard is as good as a physical one. And there is no limit to how much intelligence you can add to any particular screen. (Supercomputing + Neuroscience + Nanotechnology, Adding Intelligence To The Biggest Screen: TV)

Imagine a scenario where there is ubiquitous, wireless, global one gigabit per second broadband. We as humanity basically live in this sea called the Internet. That is the first country anyone belongs to. (Tim Berners-Lee: The Internet Is Not A Country)

In such a reality the browser is your interface on all screens. And it likely would be build for one, build for all. This is post HTML5 reality you are talking about. (HTML 5 And The Small Screen)

The White Male Conundrum

Image via CrunchBaseWhite Male Conspiracy To Drive Me Homeless
The Proverbial White Male

Most of the people I actively know today are in the NY tech ecosystem. The next thousand people I'd prefer to get on a first name basis with are mostly in the NY tech ecosystem. And there the Fred Wilson name stands out. And Fred is a white male. I don't think I have ever made Fred feel like, oh no Fred, you are a white male and you are worth millions and I feel queasy about it. Quite the opposite. I have had and I have expressed genuine, deep, heartfelt appreciation for his life's work. (A Surprising Blog Post From Fred Wilson) The guy is officially the top VC in the world. And I admire him for that. Excellence gets me. It makes me happy to watch excellence. On the other hand I note the guy walked into this town I believe in the 1980s with an empty pocket and a very loving wife. (Larry Ellison) I admire his success even more because of that. I find it very inspiring that he started where he started. (At MIT, So I Did It)

And I have had my disagreements with Fred, all very well documented at this blog. And I have talked of John Doerr's Larry Page mistake, and Fred Wilson's Jack Dorsey mistake. But then I am hugely biased in favor of the founding CEO type.

My point being my admiration for Fred has not been sycophancy, that is not my style. And my admiration for Fred has not been some kind of a subservience to the white male, something I have seen too many people of my background go for. Just ask Tim Berners-Lee, a guy who has a much more secure place in the history of tech than does Fred. (Tim Berners-Lee: The Internet Is Not A Country)

Tim Berners-Lee: The Internet Is Not A Country

Internet Society Event

Tim Berners-Lee was the first key speaker. I raised my hand to ask a question. I had asked the exact same question to Vint Serf who I had spotted half an hour before the event began. Vint said he was George Washington, Tim might be the Thomas Jefferson, and then went on to offer small tidbits about some of the other Founding Fathers. Vint was in a jolly mood.

I asked my question and Tim's mood went foul. What was the question?

"I think of the Internet as literally the new country. This is the Internet Century. America is Europe. The Internet is America. My question is which of you - Tim, Vint - is Thomas Jefferson?"

The Internet is not a country, Tim said. If you do something fraudulent, you end up in a jail, a real jail, he said.

That cracked me up. I laughed. He knows not who he talks to, I thought.

Internet Society Event

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Internet Society: June 14

The event can also be followed over webcast.
08:00	Registration
09:00	Opening David Solomonoff, Chapter President, ISOC New York Sally Shipman Wentworth, Regional Bureau Director, North America, Internet Society Rachel Sterne, Chief Digital Officer, New York City
09:30-10:15	Keynote and Q&A – Sir Tim Berners-Lee Sir Timothy John "Tim" Berners-Lee, OM, KBE, FRS, FREng, FRSA is a British engineer and computer scientist, MIT professor, and inventor of the World Wide Web.
10:15-10:30	Coffee Break
10:30-12:00	Panel: Pushing technology boundaries This panel explores the future of Internet innovation and asks: What are the future Internet infrastructure models that will promote innovation, access, and choice for users? How will technology breakthroughs change the future Internet? Is wireless necessarily different from other platforms? What is the role of community fiber? Is there a need for more unlicensed spectrum? Leslie Daigle, Chief Internet Technology Officer, Internet Society (moderator) Hunter Newby, CEO, Allied Fiber Link Hoewing, VP of Internet & Technology Policy, Verizon Chris Libertelli, Senior Director, Government and Regulatory Affairs, Skype Nick Gall, Vice President, Gartner Research
12:00-13:00	Lunch
13:00-13:30	Keynote – Vint Cerf Vinton Gray "Vint" Cerf is an American computer scientist who is recognized as one of the fathers of the Internet.
13:30-14:45	Panel: People Power History has shown that Internet users have continuously influenced key technology innovations and policy decisions. This panel explores how users may impact future Internet technologies, industry decisions and policies. The panel will consider these fundamental questions: Is the user-centric model really sustainable? And if so, what are the key values that should shape the future? Stephanie Mehta, Executive Editor, Fortune (moderator) Eben Moglen, Professor at Columbia University, Director-Counsel & Chairman at Software Freedom Law Center David A. Gross, Partner, Wiley Rein LLP Gigi B. Sohn, President & Co-Founder, Public Knowledge Brad Burnham, Partner, Union Square Ventures
14:45-15:00	Coffee Break
15:00-15:20	Keynote – Lawrence E. Strickling At the U.S. Department of Commerce, Lawrence E. Strickling is the Assistant Secretary for Communications and Information, as well as the Administrator for National Telecommunications and Information Administration.
15:20-16:30	Panel: New Privacy Models In an age of mobility, social networking and cloud computing, this panel debates how we can encourage a new technology approach that balances online privacy, security and reliability while also fostering innovation. Is this possible? How do we strike the right balance? What is the role of individual usability in designing the right solutions? Markus Kummer, VP Public Policy, Internet Society (moderator) Lucy Lynch, Director of Trust and Identity Initiatives, ISOC Leonard Gordon, Director of the Northeast Regional Office, Federal Trade Commission Rebecca Wright, Professor, Department of Computer Science, Rutgers University Jonathan Cannon, Director, Information Security Policy & Strategy, UPS Information Services Stephen Hughes, Chief Information Security Officer, Citibank North America
16:30-17:30	Closing discussion Our three keynote speakers debate the user-centric Internet model, and how it persists in the face of increasing government efforts of control. Moderator: Lynn St. Amour Vint Cerf, computer scientist, recognized as one of the fathers of the Internet Sir Tim Berners-Lee, computer scientist, MIT professor, inventor of the World Wide Web Lawrence E. Strickling, Assistant Secretary for Communications and Information, and Administrator, National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA), U.S. Department of Commerce
17:30	Conference closes

The Sentry Center
Wharton Ballroom, 17th Floor
730 Third Avenue
New York, NY 10017

Keynotes & Speakers

Sir Tim Berners-Lee

Sir Timothy John "Tim" Berners-Lee, OM, KBE, FRS, FREng, FRSA is a British engineer and computer scientist, MIT professor, and inventor of the World Wide Web.

Berners-Lee is the director of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), founder of the World Wide Web Foundation, and is a senior researcher and holder of the 3Com Founders Chair at the MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL). He is a director of The Web Science Trust (WST). In April 2009, he was elected as a Member of the United States National Academy of Sciences, based in Washington, D.C.

Vint Cerf

Vinton Gray "Vint" Cerf is an American computer scientist, who is recognized as one of the fathers of the Internet.

His honorary degrees and awards include the National Medal of Technology, the Turing Award, the Presidential Medal of Freedom, and Membership in the National Academy of Engineering. Cerf has worked for Google as its Vice President and Chief Internet Evangelist since September 2005. He has become well known for his predictions on how technology will affect future society, encompassing such areas as artificial intelligence, environmentalism, the advent of IPv6 and the transformation of the television industry and its delivery model.

Lawrence E. Strickling

Assistant Secretary for Communications and Information, and Administrator, National Telecommunications and Information Administration (NTIA), U.S. Department of Commerce

Strickling has served at the Department of Commerce since 2009 and is the Administrator of the NTIA, which is principally responsible for advising the President on communications and information policies. Key issues on NTIA’s agenda include the management of the $4.7 billion broadband grants program, and Internet governance.As Policy Coordinator for Obama for America, Strickling oversaw two dozen domestic policy committees and was responsible for technology and telecommunications issues.

Brad Burnham

Partner, Union Square Ventures

In addition to being a Partner at Union Square Ventures, Burnhamcurrently also serves on the boards of Indeed, Pinch Media, Tumblr, Wesabe, Adaptive Blue, SimulMedia, Tracked.com, Meetup, and Bug Labs. He has a BA in Political Science from Wesleyan University.

Chris Libertelli

Director, Government and Regulatory Affairs, America, Skype

Libertelli is Director of Government and Regulatory Affairs for Skype where he oversees government relations in North America.

David A. Gross

Partner, Wiley Rein LLP

Gross is one of the world’s foremost experts on international telecommunications, having addressed the United Nations General Assembly and led more U.S. delegations to major international telecommunication conferences than anyone in modern history.

David Solomonoff

Chapter President, ISOC New York

David Solomonoff is the President of the Internet Society of New York (ISOC-NY), a Chapter of the global Internet Society (ISOC). ISOC plays a crucial role in advocating for an open Internet, accessible to all via protocols and standards that are developed in a transparent manner by the entire Internet community. He is also the Library Systems Manager for the State University of New York (SUNY) Downstate Medical Center. He serves on the Technology Issues and the Globalization and Corporatization committees of United University Professions (UUP), the labor union representing SUNY faculty and staff. UUP is the nation's largest higher education union.

Eben Moglen

Professor at Columbia University, Director-Counsel & Chairman at Software Freedom Law Center

Moglen is a professor of law and legal history at Columbia University, with interest in computers and free expression, and intellectual property. He is also the founder, Director-Counsel and Chairman of Software Freedom Law Center, whose client list includes numerous pro bono clients, such as the Free Software Foundation.

Gigi B. Sohn

President/Co-Founder, Public Knowledge

Sohn serves as the chief strategist of Public Knowledge, a nonprofit organization that promotes fundamental democratic principles and cultural values including openness, access, and the capacity to create and compete.

Hunter Newby

CEO, Allied Fiber

Newby, a 15-year veteran of the telecom networking industry, is the Founder and CEO of Allied Fiber. He possesses an extensive breadth of experience within the industry and is a recognized authority on Internet and Ethernet exchanges and VoIP Peering.

Jonathan Cannon

Director, Information Security Policy & Strategy, UPS Information Services

Cannon serves as the Security Practice domain owner on the Enterprise Architecture Review Board and as co-chair of the Corporate Information Access and Security Governance Committee at UPS. He leads the enterprise effort to deliver information security strategies, policies, standards, best practices and solutions for the protection of UPS information, continuity of service and disaster recovery planning.

Leonard L. Gordon

Director of the Northeast Regional Office, Federal Trade Commission

Gordon supervises the investigation and litigation of both consumer protection and antitrust matters. He joined the FTC in 2005 as a senior attorney, became the Assistant Director in 2007 and the Director in 2008.

Leslie Daigle

Chief Internet Technology Officer, ISOC

Daigle has been actively involved in shaping the Internet's technical evolution for more than a dozen years. Following her work with the Internet Engineering Task Force and being the Chair of the related Internet Architecture Board, Daigle’s role with the Internet Society is to provide strategic leadership on important technical issues as they relate to ISOC's on-going programs.

Link Hoewing

VP of Internet & Technology Policy, Verizon

Hoewing is responsible for identifying emerging issues, developing corporate positions on Internet and Technology industry issues, and assessing key technology and communications industry trends at Verizon. He is a frequent speaker on issues such as net neutrality and network management,

Lucy Lynch

Director of Trust and Identity Initiatives, ISOC

Following Lynch’s works at the University of Oregon as a member of the Academic Computing and Network Applications Group, her current assignment with the Internet Society is to examine some of the major issues affecting the Internet and to develop projects that will address those problems.

Sally Shipman Wentworth

Regional Bureau Director, North America

Sally Shipman Wentworth is Regional Bureau Director for North America and Senior Manager of Public Policy at the Internet Society. Prior to joining the Internet Society in 2009, Sally Shipman Wentworth was the Assistant Director for Telecommunications and Information Policy in the Office of Science and Technology Policy at the White House from 2007-2009. From 1999 – 2007, Sally was a policy advisor on Internet policy issues at the U.S. Department of State. At the State Department, she was instrumental in building coalitions among developed and developing countries and Internet stakeholders on Internet public policy issues to promote a multi-stakeholder approach to ICT for development. Sally is based in Reston, United States

Lynn St. Amour

President/CEO, ISOC

St. Amour is President/CEO of the Internet Society, dividing her time between ISOC's offices in Reston, Virginia, and Geneva, Switzerland. She has extensive experience in the global IT business with positions at the highest levels in international sales and marketing, strategic planning, partner management, manufacturing, corporate restructuring and start-up management.

Markus Kummer

VP Public Policy, ISOC

Kummer joined the Internet Society in February 2011 and advances key policy positions on issues such as privacy, cybersecurity, and network neutrality. Most recently, he was the Executive Coordinator of the Secretariat supporting the United Nations' Internet Governance Forum, and has extensive experience with Internet policy at the global, regional, and national levels.

Rachel Sterne

Chief Digital Officer, New York City

A native New Yorker, Sterne is just 27 years old, and is the founder/CEO of both a citizen journalism site and a digital media consultancy for start-ups. She is an adjunct professor at Columbia Business School and BusinessWeek named her as one of America's most promising social entrepreneurs. Following a six-month search, the Bloomberg Administration named Sterne New York City's first Chief Digital Officer.

Rebecca Wright

Professor, Department of Computer Science, Rutgers University

Wright’s research interests at Rutgers University are computer and communications security, particularly in the areas of privacy, cryptographic protocols, and fault-tolerant distributed computing.

Stephanie Mehta

Executive Editor, Fortune

Mehta oversees technology, international and Washington coverage for Fortune. She also helps set the overall editorial direction for the magazine and serves as co-chair of two of Fortune’s live events, Brainstorm Tech and the Most Powerful Women Summit.

Stephen Hughes

Chief Information Security Officer, Citibank North America

Stephen Hughes is the chief information security officer for Citigroup North America which includes Consumer & Commercial Banking as well as the Cards businesses. Stephen has been an information security officer with Citi for over 15 years, with more than 20 years in an information technology role. Before joining Citi 18 years ago he had extensive experience in IT consulting, industrial construction contracting for the Federal government, the Manhattan restaurant business, advertising, and academia.

Nick Gall

Vice President, Gartner Research

Nick Gall is a vice president in Gartner Research. As a founding member of Gartner?s Enterprise Planning and Architecture Strategies, Mr. Gall advises clients on enterprise strategies for interoperability, innovation and execution. Mr. Gall is a leading authority on middleware, infrastructure planning, technical architecture, XML and Web services. He is also one of the IT industry?s leading authorities on enterprise integration strategy and technology as well as a key thought leader on emerging concepts such as service-oriented architecture (SOA) and Web 2.0.

A Few More Events?

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